What to do when invasive colorectal carcinoma is found in endoscopic resection specimens?

Abstract

When an invasive colorectal carcinoma is found in a resected endoscopic specimen, the endoscopist must evaluate histo-pathological and endoscopical resection criteria. Personal risk of the patient and surgical risk should also betaken into account. The majority of cases can be treated by endoscopy alone, possibly completed with local ablation techniques and subsequent follow-up. Surgical resection remains an option only for patients with low surgical risk and adverse histopathological and endoscopical lesion characteristics.