Toxic and drug damage of the liver and kidneys
Vladimír Teplan Orcid.org 1,2,3, Kamil Ševela4
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Summary
Prevalence of toxic injury with parenchymous organ damage has been growing over recent decades. This could be due poisoning in acute or long-term /follow up. The cause is direct damage or toxoallergic effect. The majority of cases are following oral administration. Therefore, first management should focus on all methods of elimination from the gastrointestinal tract (vomiting, diarrhoea, gastrolavage), by kidneys (forced diuresis), antidotal, and methods of drug elimination by hemoperfusion, hemofiltration, hemodialysis or plasmaferesis. Often there is combined liver and kidney damage. In serious cases the most frequent symptoms are – inhibition of central nervous system (CNS) with cognition disturbance, excitation of CNS, miosis, mydriasis, muscle cramps, cholinergic, anticholinergic symptoms, hyper-and hypoventilation, increased osmotic gap, and metabolic acidosis. Poisoning by methy lalcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, organic solvents, mushrooms, snake and insect toxins and analgesics are frequent. But the most frequent damage is evident after drug administration.
Keywords
elimination, hepatotoxicity, clinical features, treatment, nephrotoxicityTo read this article in full, please register for free on this website.
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